{"id":66880,"date":"2021-03-17T08:07:54","date_gmt":"2021-03-17T07:07:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xm.cz\/blog\/?p=66880"},"modified":"2023-08-19T12:17:27","modified_gmt":"2023-08-19T10:17:27","slug":"lithium-iontova-versus-lithium-polymerova-baterie-jake-jsou-rozdily","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xm.cz\/blog\/lithium-iontova-versus-lithium-polymerova-baterie-jake-jsou-rozdily\/","title":{"rendered":"Lithium-iontov\u00e1 versus lithium-polymerov\u00e1 baterie: jak\u00e9 jsou rozd\u00edly?"},"content":{"rendered":"

V chytr\u00fdch telefonech m\u016f\u017eete dnes narazit na dva typy bateri\u00ed. Lithium-iontov\u00e1<\/b> (Li-ion) je slu\u017eebn\u011b star\u0161\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se nejen v mobilech, ale i v dal\u0161\u00edch gadgetech. Lithium-polymerov\u00e1 baterie<\/b> (Li-pol, LiPo \u010di Li-Poly) je aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm hitem a vhodnou alternativou pro \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu spot\u0159ebn\u00ed elektroniky.<\/p>\n

Z pohledu z\u00e1kazn\u00edka jsou u bateri\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 t\u0159i vlastnosti. Tou prvn\u00ed je v\u00fddr\u017e na jedno nabit\u00ed<\/b> – ta je d\u00e1na kapacitou, uv\u00e1d\u011bnou v miliamp\u00e9rhodin\u00e1ch (mAh) a odb\u011brem za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. S ohledem na fakt, \u017ee u v\u011bt\u0161iny telefon\u016f je baterie u\u017eivatelsky nevym\u011bniteln\u00e1, je podstatn\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jej\u00ed \u017eivotnost<\/b>, tj. jak dlouho vydr\u017e\u00ed fungovat. Stranou bychom v\u0161ak nem\u011bli nechat ani bezpe\u010dnost<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Lithium-iontov\u00e1 baterie<\/h2>\n

Lithium-iontov\u00e9 baterie<\/b> existuj\u00ed mnohem d\u00e9le, ne\u017e by se mo\u017en\u00e1 mohlo zd\u00e1t. V\u00fdvoj t\u00e9to technologie za\u010dal ji\u017e v roce 1912, ale popularitu si z\u00edskala a\u017e v roce 1991, kdy ji za\u010dala pou\u017e\u00edvat japonsk\u00e1 firma Sony. Od t\u00e9 doby se technologie Li-ion dostala do mnoha gadget\u016f a spot\u0159ebi\u010d\u016f – od fotoapar\u00e1t\u016f p\u0159es p\u0159enosn\u00e9 hudebn\u00ed p\u0159ehr\u00e1va\u010de, a\u017e po smartphony.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdhodou lithium-iontov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed je vysok\u00e1 hustota ulo\u017een\u00e9 energie<\/b> – relativn\u011b mal\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky d\u00edky n\u00ed pojmou pom\u011brn\u011b zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 energie. Proti p\u0159edchoz\u00edm generac\u00edm je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm pokrokem absence pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9ho efektu<\/b> – baterie tedy nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 (ba dokonce ani vhodn\u00e9) \u201eform\u00e1tovat\u201c \u010di \u201eformovat\u201c jejich opakovan\u00fdm vybit\u00edm a op\u011btovn\u00fdm nabit\u00edm. Dal\u0161\u00edm kladem jsou relativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady<\/b>.<\/p>\n

\"Lithium-iontov\u00e1<\/a>
Lithium-iontov\u00e1 baterie<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tyto baterie sest\u00e1vaj\u00ed ze dvou elektrod – kladn\u00e9 a z\u00e1porn\u00e9 – odd\u011blen\u00fdch kapaln\u00fdm chemick\u00fdm elektrolytem<\/b>, jako je ethylenkarbon\u00e1t nebo diethylkarbon\u00e1t. Chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed tohoto typu akumul\u00e1toru ho omezuje na v\u011bt\u0161inou obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00fd tvar.<\/p>\n

Kapacita<\/b> lithium-iontov\u00e9 baterie s ka\u017ed\u00fdm nab\u00edjec\u00edm cyklem postupn\u011b kles\u00e1<\/b>. Co je hor\u0161\u00ed: dokonce se vyb\u00edj\u00ed, kdy\u017e nen\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na<\/b>, co\u017e rozhodn\u011b nen\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnost. \u00dapln\u011b nejhor\u0161\u00ed v\u0161ak je, \u017ee elektrolyt m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159i extr\u00e9mn\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch nebo prop\u00edchnut\u00ed nestabiln\u00ed, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k \u201etepeln\u00e9mu \u00faniku\u201c, v krajn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech i k po\u017e\u00e1ru nebo explozi<\/b>. Nutno podotknout, \u017ee takov\u00e9 situace nast\u00e1vaj\u00ed jen vz\u00e1cn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Lithium-polymerov\u00e1 baterie<\/h2>\n

Technologie lithium-polymerov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed<\/b> je o dost nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b lithium-iontov\u00fdch. Na sc\u00e9n\u011b se objevila a\u017e v 70. letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, ale v segmentu smartphon\u016f se za\u010dala prosazovat a\u017e v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Samsung p\u0159e\u0161el na lithium-polymerov\u00e9 akumul\u00e1tory a\u017e u \u0159ady Galaxy S20.<\/del><\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 zde najdeme dv\u011b elektrody – kladnou a z\u00e1pornou – z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl ov\u0161em tkv\u00ed v elektrolytu. Ten nen\u00ed kapaln\u00fd, ale obsahuje suchou, pevnou a por\u00e9zn\u00ed chemik\u00e1lii nebo gelovit\u00fd elektrolyt<\/b>. D\u00edky tomu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt lithium-polymerov\u00e1 baterie ten\u010d\u00ed, flexibiln\u00ed a robustn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/b>.<\/p>\n

\"Lithium-polymerov\u00e1<\/a>
Lithium-polymerov\u00e1 baterie<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

D\u00edky absenci kapaliny je v jejich p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u0161ance na \u00fanik elektrolytu, kter\u00fd by vedl k \u201etepeln\u00e9mu \u00faniku\u201c. Zejm\u00e9na d\u00edky t\u00e9to vlastnosti jsou baterie typu Li-pol v\u00fdrazn\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/b>, co\u017e je i jeden z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d se st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji objevuj\u00ed v mobiln\u00edch telefonech.<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00ed nev\u00fdhodou t\u00e9to technologie jsou v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady<\/b> – proto se nap\u0159\u00edklad zat\u00edm neprosadila v elektromobilech. Dal\u0161\u00edm m\u00ednusem je krat\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed cyklus<\/b>. Li-Pol akumul\u00e1tory z hlediska rozm\u011br\u016f uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b energie ne\u017e stejn\u011b velk\u00e1 lithium-iontov\u00e1 alternativa<\/b>, jsou v\u0161ak leh\u010d\u00ed<\/b> a vykazuj\u00ed d\u00edky tomu vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hustotu energie.<\/p>\n

Lithium-iontov\u00e1 versus lithium-polymerov\u00e1 baterie<\/h2>\n

Oba typy bateri\u00ed maj\u00ed sv\u00e9 klady a z\u00e1pory. Obecn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno: lithium-iontov\u00e9 baterie nab\u00edzej\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed pom\u011br kapacity a ceny<\/b>. Za stejnou v\u00fdrobn\u00ed cenu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrobce z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm nab\u00eddnout v\u00edce miliamp\u00e9rhodin. To je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9, pokud chcete levn\u00fd telefon, kter\u00fd vydr\u017e\u00ed na jedno nabit\u00ed co mo\u017en\u00e1 nejdel\u0161\u00ed dobu.<\/p>\n

Nev\u00fdhodou lithium-iontov\u00fdch akumul\u00e1tor\u016f je postupn\u00e9 samovyb\u00edjen\u00ed<\/b>. Na telefonech, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te a pravideln\u011b nab\u00edj\u00edte, to nevad\u00ed – tam samovyb\u00edjen\u00ed prakticky nepozn\u00e1te. M\u016f\u017ee to ale vadit u mobil\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1te schovan\u00e9 n\u011bkde v \u0161upl\u00edku – ty u\u017e za rok nebo za dva mo\u017en\u00e1 nezapnete. Zapomenout bychom nem\u011bli ani na potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed probl\u00e9my<\/b>.<\/p>\n

\"Lithium-iontov\u00e1<\/a>
Lithium-iontov\u00e1 versus lithium-polymerov\u00e1 baterie jak\u00e9 jsou rozd\u00edly?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Lithium-polymerov\u00e1 baterie je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/b>, co\u017e je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b, kdy se v\u00fdrobci p\u0159edh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed v tom, kdo p\u0159edstav\u00ed rychlej\u0161\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdkonem. Tyto baterie maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 velmi n\u00edzkou \u00farove\u0148 samovyb\u00edjen\u00ed<\/b>, tak\u017ee kdy\u017e je nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te, nevybij\u00ed se.<\/p>\n

V neprosp\u011bch Li-Pol akumul\u00e1tor\u016f hovo\u0159\u00ed v prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady<\/b>, kter\u00e9 se pochopiteln\u011b prom\u00edtnou v kone\u010dn\u00e9 cen\u011b telefonu. Dal\u0161\u00edm negativem je krat\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotnost<\/b> a o n\u011bco v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozm\u011bry<\/b> p\u0159i stejn\u00e9 kapacit\u011b – zde v\u0161ak v jejich prosp\u011bch hovo\u0159\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed hmotnost<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Resum\u00e9<\/h2>\n

V segmentu chytr\u00fdch telefon\u016f st\u0159edn\u00ed a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy je v\u00fdvoj jasn\u00fd – zde lithium-polymerov\u00e9 baterie pomalu, ale jist\u011b nahrazuj\u00ed star\u0161\u00ed lithium-iontov\u00e9 akumul\u00e1tory<\/b>. Vyhr\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost\u00ed mo\u017enosti vyr\u00e1b\u011bt je v nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch tvarech a n\u00edzkou hmotnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V kategorii levn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch telefon\u016f, kde logicky hraje roli snaha o osek\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f na minimum, v\u0161ak nad\u00e1le dominuj\u00ed lithium-iontov\u00e9 baterie<\/b>. Zde v jejich prosp\u011bch hovo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, kter\u00e9 se pozitivn\u011b prom\u00edtaj\u00ed do kone\u010dn\u00e9 ceny mobilu.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: androidauthority.com<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V chytr\u00fdch telefonech m\u016f\u017eete dnes narazit na dva typy bateri\u00ed. Lithium-iontov\u00e1 (Li-ion) je slu\u017eebn\u011b star\u0161\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se nejen v<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":66885,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[2373,679,3259,3261,3263,3262,3258,3260],"class_list":["post-66880","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-clanky","tag-akumulator","tag-baterie","tag-li-ion","tag-li-pol","tag-li-poly","tag-lipo","tag-lithium-iontova","tag-lithium-polymerova"],"wppr_data":{"cwp_meta_box_check":"No"},"yoast_head":"\nLithium-iontov\u00e1 versus lithium-polymerov\u00e1 baterie: jak\u00e9 jsou rozd\u00edly?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru mobiln\u00edho telefonu 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